At the beginning of the 14th century (1309), Nisyros was occupied by the Knights of St John, who built the castle above the current capital, as well as four other forts. The island remained in the possession of the Order of the Knights of St. Ioannou until 1522. Then the island was submitted to the
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Emporio was the commercial port of Nisyros until the Middle Ages. However, due to piracy, in medieval times, the settlement of Emporio was moved higher, to a safer position from where the inhabitants had the possibility to control the entire surrounding area. and which he maintains until today.
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The Venetian Castle of Nisyros is located on the western side of the Mandraki settlement, at a height of 150 meters. It is a castle made of hard rock (basaltic andesite) that was built in 1315 AD. from the Knights of the Order of Agios Ioannis, a time when the Ioanninite Knights fortified Nisyros.
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Castle of Emporio: Knight's castle that encloses the church of Taxiarchis. Nikia Castle: Knight's castle at the highest point of the settlement with a view of the volcano and the surrounding islands. Mandraki Castle , where Panagia Spiliani was built. Neolithic settlement (Gyali island): Recent
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